What are Equity Derivatives?

Equity derivatives are derivatives whose underlying assets are equities and equity indices. Investors and traders use equity derivatives for various objectives, including risk management, speculation, and portfolio optimization. Derivatives allow traders to speculate and trade on the direction of an underlying asset's price movement without owning it. 

Equity Derivatives Meaning

Equity derivatives are financial instruments whose value is based on the price movements of stocks or shares. These derivatives, such as options and futures, allow investors to speculate on or hedge against the fluctuations in the value of individual stocks or stock indices without owning the underlying assets.

Investing in equity means owning a share of the company. This equity gives you access to the company's gains. So, equity derivatives refer to the equity shares you own that act as underlying assets for a financial contract. Securities, commodities, and bonds can also be considered assets. Moreover, share market fluctuations and the performance of companies determine the value of such financial assets. After learning the definition of equity derivatives, let’s move on to their types.

Read more about how to use renko chart

Trade like a pro in NSE F&O with Zero Brokerage*

Start Trading

* By signing up you agree to our Terms and Conditions

Types of Equity Derivatives

So, after understanding what equity derivatives are, here are the four types of equity derivatives:

Advantages and Disadvantages of Equity Derivatives

Here are the advantages and disadvantages of equity derivatives:

Risks Associated with Equity Derivatives

Here are the risks associated with equity derivatives:

Leverage risk: Equity futures frequently employ leverage, which implies that a little price change in the underlying asset can result in large gains or losses. While leverage can increase earnings, it can also increase losses, perhaps outweighing the initial investment.

Market risk: Equity derivatives are extremely sensitive to fluctuations in the underlying asset price. Market risk encompasses the risk of adverse price fluctuations, volatility, and unanticipated market occurrences, all of which can influence the value of derivative contracts.

Counterparty risk: Counterparty risk exists in over-the-counter (OTC) derivative markets. If the other party in the deal fails to meet their obligations, the investor may incur considerable losses. Trading on regulated exchanges can help to reduce this risk.

Liquidity risk: While main equities derivatives markets are liquid, individual contracts or less popular assets may be insufficiently liquid. Because of illiquidity, it might be difficult to execute deals at targeted pricing, potentially resulting in losses.

Time decay: Options contracts have finite lives, and their value deteriorates with time, owing mostly to time decay. This provides a danger for option buyers, who may see the value of their holdings drop even if the underlying asset's price stays steady.

Regulatory risk: Government rules and tax laws governing derivatives are subject to change, which affects how these instruments are traded, taxed, and reported. Investors must remain up to date on regulatory developments that may influence their investments.

Psychological stress: Trading in stock derivatives may be emotionally demanding owing to the possibility of large losses and market volatility. Emotional responses might result in rash judgments and poor risk management.

Risk of complexity: Derivative products can be complicated, necessitating a thorough grasp of pricing theories and tactics. Investors who do not completely understand this complexity run the risk of making expensive errors.

Margin calls: Investors who use leverage may be obliged to meet margin calls if their investments move against them. Positions may be forcibly liquidated if margin requirements are not met. 

Who Should Invest in Equity Derivatives?

Trading in equities derivatives is appropriate for individuals familiar with the derivatives market and the risks associated with stock market volatility. Traders in the derivatives market should have a well-defined investing strategy as well as a risk-management approach. Equity derivatives can help traders, institutional investors, and those seeking portfolio diversification or hedging against market volatility. To reduce risks, novice investors should obtain expertise in regular stock investments before moving on to derivatives or seeking professional guidance. 

Conclusion 
An equity derivative is a financial instrument whose value derives from an underlying equity asset. They help investors manage their risks and participate in the stock market. You need to understand the definition, types, benefits, and drawbacks of successful derivative trading. The upside of equity derivatives is risk management, price fluctuation protection, and profits. 

However, there are also downsides, like liquidity issues, leverage risks, and limited participation in corporate actions. Using an app like the BlinkX trading app, investors can trade equity derivatives in a user-friendly and efficient way.